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Over the years, he has been committed to the overall design of building energy-saving solutions and the research and development and production of heat pump products and technologies.
01
2018
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03
Xinhua News Agency: "Southern heating" has gradually become a consensus
Xinhuanet Beijing November 16 news, starting from November 15, Beijing, Hebei
Xinhuanet Beijing November 16 news, starting from November 15, Beijing, Hebei, Shaanxi and other provinces and cities officially heating, marking the majority of the northern region into the winter heating season. In recent years, every heating period, the topic of “central heating in the south” has become a hot topic.
However, the reporter's investigation found that in the north of central heating, many residents still have to endure the cold in the interior; in some cities in the south, more than 90% of urban households are equipped with heating equipment, and it is not so difficult to start in winter. Some experts believe that in recent years, with the development of social economy, "the dispute between heating in the South and the North" has actually evolved into a "concentration and dispersion" heating mode dispute.
North: The same heat network residents have a very different heating effect, one household does not pay the whole community is subject to "sitting"
"I enjoy the warmth of spring in the cold nights in the north." In the impression of the majority, the winter in the north is very comfortable and comfortable because of the central heating, making the southerners "envy and hate." But in fact, for many northern residents, the long winter also means to endure the cold.
“On a word—cold!” Yang Xinyue, a resident of Guanli Xili Community in Chaoyang District, Beijing, lived in a “90s” slab built about 20 years ago. His insulation performance was poor, and Yang Xinyue lived on the first floor, room temperature. It does not reach the basic heating standard of 18 degrees Celsius. As a last resort, during the "Double Eleven" period, she snapped up a large number of warm clothing. She said that at least 20 households in the community face the same problem. "My hometown is in Jiangsu. Southerners say that there is heating in Beijing in the winter. In fact, this depends on the individual's living conditions."
In fact, in the current central heating mode in the north, affected by factors such as floor, building quality, and pipe network, even in households in the same heating network, the heating effect is often very different. Paying the same heating bills but “different and warm” often makes residents feel resentful about heating companies.
In the Changqing Community of Shizuishan City, Ningxia, the bedroom on the east side of the resident Li Ayi’s home is heating normally, while the living room on the west side has long been “reluctantly warm”.
"The house with a full heating bill is only half hot, and in the winter, watching TV in the living room is covered with cotton. The heating company says that the heating pipe on this side is aging and blocked, and the hot water does not flow." Aunt Li said.
In addition to the objective factors such as the aging of the building and the “running and leaking” of the pipeline, some residents have been frozen because of “sitting”. An owner of the 21st city of Yinchuan Greenland said that the property company proposed to pay more than 1 million yuan of gas to the gas company. As long as one owner does not pay the heating fee, the whole community cannot heat. “The electric heater in the house is still freezing and the leg hurts,” the owner said.
The owner believes that the heating is not good enough to refuse to pay the heating fee, and the heating company is unable to provide better heating service because of the failure to return the heating fee. This "infinite loop" is very common in the northern part of central heating. Take Beijing as an example. During the entire heating season last year, Beijing Reli Group, which is responsible for the heating of one-third of Beijing's urban districts, received about 150,000 complaints, and more than 70% of them complained that the room temperature was not up to standard. Correspondingly, some citizens are in arrears of warming fees. "There are indeed malicious arrears, and more accumulated in a year." Liu Rong, deputy general manager of Beijing Heating Group said.
In order to solve this "infinite loop", Beijing Thermal Power Group focused on the old residential area, the low temperature area and the key non-thermal areas in the early stage of trial heating, and solved the problem of heating and heating as early as possible; at the same time, the relevant departments are working with the social credit system. Institutional consultations or the inclusion of malicious defaults in the personal credit information system.
South: More than 90% of urban households are equipped with heating equipment and diversified heating methods
"I am a wolf from the north, but it has been frozen into a dog in the south." This widely spread section on the Internet is a long-time impression of many northerners on the southern winter.
However, Jiang Yi, an academician of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, revealed that the heating methods in the South have become increasingly diversified in recent years. More than 90% of urban households are equipped with heating equipment, including steam heating, ground source heat pump technology heating, or radiators, floor heating, and air conditioning. Household heating equipment such as oil and oil. Of course, due to equipment differences, the effect of heating is not the same.
According to the research report of Tsinghua University Building Energy Research Center, not all southern cities have heating needs. What is really needed is the “hot summer and cold winter” areas designated by the state, including Shanghai, Chongqing, Hubei, Hunan, Anhui, Jiangxi, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Sichuan, etc. The winter temperatures in these provinces are much lower than the indoor temperatures in central cities in central heating.
The reporter found that the above-mentioned areas have started heating services in recent years. The scale and form are decentralized compared with the north, but many people have passed the relatively "warm winter". In Changsha, Hunan, the citizen Dong Ying uses a gas fireplace to warm up. Some of her neighbors use air conditioners and some use floor heating. Dong Ying said: "My house is 90 square meters. It is generally used for 4 months every year. If there are old people in the house, it is open 24 hours a day. The gas cost is about 1,500 yuan, which is not expensive and warm."
Although the south is dominated by decentralized heating, some cities have gradually explored “centralized heating”. Wuhan, Hubei Province launched the “warm winter and cool summer” project in 2006, benefiting tens of thousands of families through the laying of a comprehensive urban heating network; the “Energy Conservation Regulations of Jiangsu Province” promulgated in 2010 stipulates: “The local people’s government at or above the county level shall Carry out urban thermal planning and promote cogeneration... Newly developed development zones and conditional residential areas and towns should be centrally heated."
According to the relevant person in charge of Anhui Hefei Thermal Power Group, in general, the “centralized heating” in the south is based on the community and some public buildings, and it is still “distributed” compared with the north. For this reason, the service means are more flexible. The group announced on November 15 this year that it is necessary to warm up before the local legal heating time on December 5th. "We are staring at the weather forecast. When there is cold air coming over, we will apply for heating immediately." Lu Feng, a resident of Hefei City Newspaper Industry Community, said.
Jiang Yi said that some people called on the South to concentrate heating like the North, and the mood can be understood, but there may be misunderstandings in understanding. First, I feel that central heating is a "welfare" and subsidy. In fact, most of the current heating in the north is also at the expense of the individual; the second is that central heating is convenient and warm. In fact, uneven heat and heat and environmental problems are plaguing the people in the north. What's more, the energy types, climate and living habits of the South are very different from those of the North.
Southern heating has gradually reached a consensus, whether the differences are concentrated or scattered
The reporter found that with the increase of extreme weather in the south and the improvement of the quality of life of ordinary people, all circles have reached a consensus on “heating in the south”. The focus of the current debate is actually how to heat. In order to concentrate and disperse the two heating modes, you can first calculate the “three accounts”.
The first is the "economic account" of the people. The traditional central heating is charged by area. The heating time is sooner or later, the heating temperature is high or low, and even if it is used in the home, it has to pay the same standard. This is also the biggest “spit point” of the people.
Ms. Li, who lives in Beijing Xi'erqi, told reporters that her house area is 140 square meters. If the central heating is used, according to the standard of 30 yuan per square meter, the annual heating fee is 4,200 yuan. She and her family choose to use the wall-hung boiler for heating. When they are on a business trip or when they are warm, they will be closed. When the weather is cold, the temperature will be appropriate. It costs about 1600 yuan a year.
The second is the “governance account” of the environment. In recent years, as soon as the heating season is reached, the northern smog index has soared. In order to reduce coal-fired pollution, the North requires the use of high-quality coal, and Beijing is a comprehensive "coal to gas." However, Liu Rong and many other industry insiders pointed out that compared with coal-fired boilers, dust and carbon dioxide are reduced, but the emission of nitrogen oxides is still very large, and nitrogen oxides are an important cause of haze.
Jiang Yi said that whether it is coal or gas, it is inevitable to cause pollution in the centralized heating mode. It is recommended to use more “container-type equipment” such as gas fireplaces in cities with suitable conditions. In areas such as Beijing Huilongguan, gas-fired boilers are installed in almost all new residential areas. A survey conducted by the Tsinghua University Building Energy Research Center found that the use of household-based equipment is more autonomous and produces relatively less emissions.
The third is the country's “energy account”. The reporter learned that central heating mainly has three aspects of energy loss, one is the heat loss of the pipe network, especially the long-distance transportation, the second is the heat loss of the building, and the third is the waste caused by some habits such as “opening the window to dissipate heat”. Among them, the building loss accounted for more than 40%. Therefore, no matter the north and the south, it is imperative to do energy-saving renovation of old communities, and new houses must raise energy-saving standards.
Industry insiders suggest that from the perspective of energy conservation, due to the scarcity of natural gas, Beijing should use more wall-mounted gas stoves after “coal to gas”, otherwise the gas will be used in cogeneration or a large number of boiler rooms, with large consumption and loss; Most northern cities that cannot achieve "coal to gas", as well as southern cities such as Xuzhou, which are rich in coal resources and have more power plants, still rely on coal-fired central heating, but they can add more industrial waste heat to the heat source. Reducing the loss of high-quality coal and reducing pollution. At the same time, the measurement method cannot be “one size fits all” as in the past, and it is necessary to explore a more flexible “distributed measurement”.
Specializing in new energy and building energy efficiency of the famous national high-tech enterprises;
Over the years, he has been committed to the overall design of building energy-saving solutions and the research and development and production of heat pump products and technologies.
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